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Phantom contour
A phantom contour is a type of illusory contour. Most illusory contours are seen in still images, such as the Kanizsa triangle and the Ehrenstein illusion. A phantom contour, however, is perceived in the presence of moving or flickering images with contrast reversal.〔Kiely, P. M., Crewther, S. G., & Crewther, D. P. (2007). Threshold recognition of phantom-contour objects requires contrast velocity. Perception & Psychophysics, 69, 1035-1039.
〕 The rapid, continuous alternation between opposing, but correlated, adjacent images creates the perception of a contour that is not physically present in the still images.
== Example ==
One example of this illusion involves stimuli consisting of two similar frames, with uniform grey backgrounds: in one frame, the top half contains white dots and the bottom half contains black dots. A second frame contains the reverse of the first frame, in which the white dots of the first frame are replaced with black dots and the black dots are replaced with white dots. The rapid alternation between these two frames reverses the polarity of the dots, while keeping their positions static.〔Ramachandran, V. S., & Rogers-Ramachandran, D. C. (1991). Phantom contours: A new class of visual patterns that selectively activates the magnocellular pathway in man. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 29, 391-394〕 At high temporal frequencies (20 Hz), the alternating frames are perceived as one non-flickering image, where the individual dots are no longer visible, while simultaneously creating the illusion of a distinct border, dividing the top and bottom halves of the display.〔 This perceived border is a phantom contour illusion.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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